Tensions between the US and Zambia have escalated publicly after outgoing US Ambassador Michael Gonzales accused President Hakainde Hichilema's government of "institutionalised and refined corruption" in his farewell speech. Gonzales alleged that Zambian officials were shaking down foreign diplomats and prioritizing personal gain over accepting a US offer of improved healthcare tied to preferential access to Zambia's strategic minerals. The Zambian government swiftly condemned Gonzales' remarks as "deeply regrettable, undiplomatic, and inconsistent with mutual respect," denying claims of corruption hindering foreign investment. Foreign Minister Mulambo Haimbe asserted that Zambia remains an attractive investment destination globally, including for the US. This public spat marks a significant downturn from the initial warmth in relations following Hichilema's landslide victory in 2021, which was met with high praise from Washington. The US had initially welcomed Hichilema's promise of a "new dawn" free from corruption, but US officials, including Gonzales, have since expressed disappointment over the slow pace of reforms.